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Surgical Articles
Facial pain is common, and it can be not easy to form a certain diagnosis. In this...
The groin, also known as the inguinal region, extends from the anterior superior...
As a junior, you will frequently see patients who potentially have thyroid dysfunction....
SVC syndrome is an oncological emergency. There is obstruction of the superior vena...
Epistaxis is a common presentation, especially amongst the young and elderly population....
Loss of vision can be a scary symptom for patients to experience, and a scary presentation...
Ophthalmology is a hugely popular career. Having the skills and ability to improve...
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types seen in the western world....
As gynaecology issues uncommonly present on the ward, many doctors have difficulties...
Given how frequently patients present with renal colic, it is helpful for FY1s to...
Chronic pancreatitis is characterised by repeated pancreatic inflammation. This leads...
Medicines reconciliation is the process of accurately listing a person’s medicines....
Foreign body in eye is a very common presentation seen in the emergency department....
Introduction
Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea.
It may result from infective...
In this article, we cover common benign anorectal pathologies including haemorrhoids,...
In the webinar below, Dr Henry de Boer (radiology registrar) provides a structured...
In this guide, we’ll walk you through how to set up local, regional and national...
Introduction
Papilloedema is optic disc swelling which is specifically secondary...
Tinnitus is a common and debilitating medical symptom encountered in the field of...
Introduction
With an increase in the ageing population globally, we will be seeing...
This guide is designed to help you identify the key areas you need to focus on when...
The visual field is the entire area a patient can see with their eyes fixes and without...
Diplopia, also known as double vision, happens when there is a mismatch in images...
Introduction
Clinical Definition
An open fracture is when the broken bone breaks...
Introduction
ENT Foreign bodies can be intimidating to the SHO tasked with first...
In the webinar below, Dr Joe Kang (radiology registrar) provides a structured approach...
In the webinar below, Dr Sam Kular (interventional radiology fellow) provides a structured...
What is it?
A sudden increase in intraocular pressure, which can present as an...
The management and review of postnatal women are usually straightforward. There are...
Introduction
The orbital septum is a fibrous connective tissue layer which divides...
No matter what time of the day it is, this is an ophthalmic emergency and requires...
In the webinars below, Dr June Lau & Dr Henry de Boer (radiology registrars)...
Whether you’re interested in orthopaedics or not, knowledge of basic fracture management...
What is it?
Chemical injuries of the eye are ocular emergencies that necessitate...
The national selection process for ophthalmology is coordinated by NHS England (South...
What is it?
GCA (Giant cell arteritis) or temporal arteritis is a well known Ophthalmology...
Hand infections are a common presentation, they can spread rapidly and cause damage...
Pupil size results from the activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation...
Introduction:
This exploration of peri-orbital cellulitis and orbital cellulitis...
Ophthalmology has long been the specialty with the most referrals and patient appointments...
This article is the second of two articles about traumatic eye injuries.
The...
Ophthalmology training is becoming increasingly competitive every year and is one...
This article is the first of two articles about traumatic eye injuries. This article...
Orofacial infections are a common A&E presentation and are often due to a dental...
Introduction
Patients regularly present to the emergency department with animal...
Introduction and Anatomy
The eyelid is important for ensuring physical protection...
A cataract is “a clouding of the lens of the eye or of its surrounding transparent...
You will frequently get calls regarding nausea & vomiting: many patients present...
Problems with salivary glands are often seen at GPs and in emergency departments....
There are certain situations where you need to prescribe IV fluids which vary from...
Amblyopia is a childhood cause of visual impairment. It occurs due to abnormal visual...
Pupillary reflex pathway:
Light reaches the retina, travels via ganglion cells...
Poorly controlled hypertension results in target-organ damage. In the eye, it results...
Anatomy of a Slit Lamp Biomicroscope
The slit lamp consists of:
An illumination...
Definition
Sudden onset painless loss of vision is usually due to vascular occlusion....
Requesting scans can be a scary daily occurrence for new doctors. It is one of few...
Glaucoma can be divided into open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma. Closed-angle glaucoma...
Most common presenting symptoms: Flashing lights or new floaters
Introduction
A...
The advantages of AXRs are far less radiation to patients & that they’re...
Facial trauma commonly presents in Emergency Departments and primary care. More advanced...
Being able to use an ophthalmoscope confidently is very important to junior doctors,...
Surgical training has a variety of work to get involved in as well as having many...
Introduction
Ptosis is a condition characterized by the drooping of the upper...
Introduction
Dry eye disease, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a common...
Patients often present to GP practices with oral lesions as they may struggle to...
Basic anatomy
In this article, we will be discussing retinal detachments and will...
If the thought of conducting an intimate examination or attempting to wield (without...
Constipation is one of the most common complaints in hospital, especially on the...
When assessing pain, ensure you begin by taking a history to characterise the pain...
In this article, we discuss why you should apply to O&G training, how to build...
The first thing when called is to identify whether the bleeding is truly a lower...
Sutures are placed to aid with wound healing following a traumatic laceration or...
Ophthalmology provides a great deal of variety by combining medicine, surgery &...
In this article, we cover the main ENT situations you are likely to encounter either...
Overview
Diabetes mellitus can cause both macrovascular (e.g., myocardial infarction,...
One of the most common A&E presentations is a sore throat, and while sore throat...
Urinary retention can be acute or chronic. When acute it occurs within a number of...
Introduction – epidemiology and causes/risk factors:
Uveitis is a condition that...
As a junior doctor, you will frequently look after patients prior to and after their...
You will regularly see patients with blood in their urine, most often picked up incidentally...
In this article, we discuss when a catheter might be needed and top tips on male...
NG tubes are passed from the nose to the stomach. Depending on the material, they...
The Multiple Specialty Recruitment Assessment (MSRA) is a computer-based exam increasingly...
Fragility fractures in the elderly
As a junior doctor on call, in geriatrics or...
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandible to the skull. The image below...
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is a mouthful (no pun intended), but you may have...
A pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blocked blood vessel in your lungs, most often due...
Bowel obstruction is a common reason for admission or complication of patients under...
Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcerations are a significant complication of diabetes...
The Duke-Elder Undergraduate Prize Exam is an optional competitive exam run by the...
Patients regularly present under the acute take with gallstone disease. The aim of...
Cataract Surgery: A Brief Introduction
Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible...
Retinal detachment is an ophthalmic condition in which the retina is detached from...
If you ask most people (medics included!) what they think of when you say plastic...
When you are on call, you will often get a bleep about a patient with abdominal pain....
One of the most common obstetric/gynaecological presentations in a hospital/GP setting...
Vertigo is described as an “abnormal sensation of motion. It can occur in the absence...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a relapsing and remitting inflammatory...
Acute Compartment Syndrome is one of the few orthopaedic emergencies. If missed,...
Pancreatitis is a condition characterised by the inflammation of the pancreas. These...
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adults are extremely common in both primary and...
Red eye is one of the most common eye presentations you will encounter. Whilst many...
Appendicitis is a one of the most common abdominal emergencies worldwide. Your aim...
This article aims to give basic information on the assessment of dental trauma to...
Spinal cord compression occurs when there is compression of the spinal cord or cauda...
Chemical burns are a unique subset of burns that require specialised management due...
Introduction
Flexor sheath infection is an infection of the synovial sheath surrounding...
A very quick guide to common issues prompting referrals to maxillofacial surgery...
This is intended for junior doctors on the ward or in ED, covering how to approach...
A deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which a blood clot (thrombosis) forms...
Diverticulae can occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract but are more common...