Category: Emergencies

In-Flight Medical Emergencies: A practical guide for healthcare staff

You’re cruising at 35,000 feet, the seatbelt sign is on, and suddenly…  “Is there a doctor on board?”   In-flight medical emergencies (IMEs) are relatively common events, occurring in approximately 1 in 600 commercial flights. With increasing air travel, healthcare professionals are more likely to be called upon to assist during a flight. It is a uniquely challenging pre-hospital experience in an unfamiliar

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Pre-Hospital Management of Hypothermia

Pre-Hospital Management of Hypothermia Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature below 35°C. It may sound like a condition reserved for mountaineers or explorers stranded in Antarctica, but in the wrong circumstances, even the British climate can be life-threatening. Consider a student in Aberdeen who passes out drunk in a garden after a night

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Paediatric ED – Poisoning and Toxic Exposures

A practical guide for resident doctors in the emergency department, focusing on the assessment and management of paediatric poisoning and toxic exposures — where early recognition and decision-making are crucial. Paediatric poisoning is a common yet often anxiety-provoking presentation in the emergency department (ED) – for both parents and clinicians! Each year, approximately 40,000 children

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Paediatric ED – Foreign Body Inhalation and Ingestion

A practical guide for resident doctors in the emergency department, focusing on recognising and managing paediatric foreign body inhalation and ingestion — where early decision-making really matters. Foreign body inhalation and ingestion are common paediatric presentations, particularly in children aged 6 months to 3 years, reflecting developmental behaviours such as mouthing objects and incomplete chewing.

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Approach to abdominal pain in the ED

Abdominal pain is among the most frequent presentations to the Emergency Department, accounting for approximately 5–10% of all attendances. Its causes span a broad spectrum from mild, self-limiting conditions to time-critical, life-threatening emergencies. Abdominal pain is a complex ED presentation because it involves multiple organ systems and a wide range of potential causes, making it

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Fascia Iliaca Nerve Block

A fascia iliaca block (FIB) is a regional anaesthetic technique where local anaesthetic is deposited beneath the fascia iliaca to block the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, and often obturator nerves. It is commonly used for analgesia in hip and proximal femur fractures, particularly neck of femur fractures. Approaches include the landmark (anatomical) technique, which will be

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Chest Drain Insertion

Intercostal chest drains (ICD) are used for therapeutic purposes to remove air and/or fluid from the pleural space (e.g. pneumothorax and haemothorax in trauma cases).  ICD insertion is a complex procedure that should only be carried out by trained practitioners with skilled assistance, and trainees must perform it under supervision until competent.  Contraindications Complications Complications include

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Central Venous Access (Central Line) – Seldinger Technique

A central line is a catheter placed into a major central vein, typically the internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein, with the tip positioned in the superior or inferior vena cava. Types include central venous catheters, dialysis catheters, tunnelled lines (e.g., Hickman), and ports.  Indications Contraindications Absolute contraindications include: Relative contraindications include: Complications Early complications:

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