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Illness
Coping with illness
Important things to remember You will get sick. That is life. You’re surrounded...
Renal On Call
Mind the (renal) Bleep: Preparing for your First Renal SHO On-Call
So you’ve finally got your rota for your hotly anticipated renal rotation… and your...
Nephrotic Syndrome in Paediatrics
Nephrotic Syndrome in Paediatrics
Nephrotic syndrome is rare but is often misdiagnosed resulting in delayed diagnosis...
Macular Degeneration
Dry and Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)
Introduction With an increase in the ageing population globally, we will be seeing...
Orthopaedics
Open Fractures
Introduction Clinical Definition An open fracture is when the broken bone breaks...
lungs
Paediatric Respiratory Examination
This article gives a run down of how to perform a thorough paediatric respiratory...
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Group A Strep - What you need to know
Introduction Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a gram positive cocci usually found...
Nausea & Vomiting
Nausea & Vomiting
You will frequently get calls regarding nausea & vomiting: many patients present...
Mental Health 3
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety is a commonly experienced symptom as part of the body’s reaction to...
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CT Head Interpretation
In the webinar below, Dr Sam Kular (interventional radiology fellow) provides a structured...
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NIPE
The Newborn and Infant Physical Examination (NIPE) or Examination of the Newborn...
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Functional Neurological Disorders (FND)
Introduction Functional neurological disorders are some of the most common neurological...
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Necrotising Enterocolitis
Necrotising enterocolitis is one of the most common neonatal surgical emergencies...
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Kickstart Your Career in Sports and Exercise Medicine: A Guide for Resident Doctors
Choosing a career in Sports and Exercise Medicine (SEM) offers doctors a unique opportunity...
Ophthalmology Selection
Updates to Ophthalmology National Selection 2024
The national selection process for ophthalmology is coordinated by NHS England (South...
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Pupil Disorders
Pupil size results from the activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation...
Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant Cell Arteritis
What is it? GCA (Giant cell arteritis) or temporal arteritis is a well known Ophthalmology...
Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by the irreversible...
Sore Throat
Foreign Bodies in the Ear, Nose and Throat
Introduction ENT Foreign bodies can be intimidating to the SHO tasked with first...
Myocarditis
Myocarditis
Myocarditis (derived from ‘myocardium’ = cardiac muscle, and -itis = inflammation)...
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Hand Infections
Hand infections are a common presentation, they can spread rapidly and cause damage...
Brief Resolved Unexplained Event (BRUE)
Brief Resolved Unexplained Event (BRUE)
BRUE's are a common presentation for young babies and can be a huge concern for parents....
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Upper Limb X-ray Interpretation
In the webinars below, Dr June Lau & Dr Henry de Boer (radiology registrars)...
Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions
Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines adverse drug reactions (ADR) as “any...
Diplopia
Diplopia
Diplopia, also known as double vision, happens when there is a mismatch in images...
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Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy
CMPA is a very common presentation to GP and paediatric assessment units and can...
The Financial Landscape for Resident Doctors in Australia
The Financial Landscape for Resident Doctors in Australia
Starting a career as a resident doctor in Australia is both a professional milestone...
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How to Assess a Chest Drain
Although as an FY1/2 you wouldn’t be expected to insert a chest drain yourself but...
Tinnitus
Tinnitus
Tinnitus is a common and debilitating medical symptom encountered in the field of...
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Chemical Burns
Chemical burns are a unique subset of burns that require specialised management due...
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal Pain in Children
Abdominal pain in paediatrics can have a wide range of causes, some being innocent...
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Basic Fracture Management
Whether you’re interested in orthopaedics or not, knowledge of basic fracture management...
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Applying to Infectious Disease: A great and fun career!
Infectious disease (ID) is much more than simply collecting blood cultures; it’s...
Glaucoma
Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
What is it? A sudden increase in intraocular pressure, which can present as an...
Ophthalmology FY3
How to spend a Foundation Year 3 for an Ophthalmology application (and other things you can do in Foundation training)
Ophthalmology training is becoming increasingly competitive every year and is one...
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Healthy meal prep
Right, we’ve all been there. You’re starving after finished a long day, have forgotten...
Orbital Compartment Syndrome
Orbital Compartment Syndrome
No matter what time of the day it is, this is an ophthalmic emergency and requires...
Postnatal
Postnatal Patients
The management and review of postnatal women are usually straightforward. There are...
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Elective Placement With The Air Ambulance: Reflective Account and Top Tips
What my elective entailed I undertook a four-week Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine...
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An Insight into Mountain Rescue Teams (MRTs)
You may have seen Mountain Rescue teams (MRTs) if you’ve been out in the hills or...
Getting Involved in Research
Unveiling the World of Research: My Medical Student Journey and Tips for Getting Involved 
Introduction   Starting my research journey as a medical student has...
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CT Chest Interpretation
In the webinar below, Dr Dexter Valencia (interventional radiology registrar) provides...
Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki disease is a rare but serious condition in children which should always...
The Big Question
IELTs vs OET: The Essentials
Choosing between IELTS and OET is an intense conundrum for many Medical students...
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Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is usually categorised as melanoma or nonmelanoma skin cancer, the latter...
Febrile convulsions
Febrile Convulsions
Febrile convulsions are a common presentation in paediatrics. This article will you...
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Basics of Slit Lamp Examination
Anatomy of a Slit Lamp Biomicroscope The slit lamp consists of: An illumination...
Medicolegal
Medicolegal Essentials
A medico-legal quick-start guide by Dr Udvitha Nandasoma (MDU Head of advisory services) Overseas...
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Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common dementia across all age groups...
ECT
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment that has been used in psychiatry since...
Heart Failure
Cardiomyopathy
The word cardiomyopathy is used as a general term referring to the abnormal structure...
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Acute Scrotum
Introduction The acute scrotum is a ‘constellation of new-onset pain, swelling...
Marbling MTB2
Lived Experience: Autism
The following article has been written by David Birch. David is a paramedic aiming...
Eye Trauma Basics
Basics of eye trauma with emergency pathologies
This article is the first of two articles about traumatic eye injuries. This article...
Maxillofacial Surgery
Orofacial Infections
Orofacial infections are a common A&E presentation and are often due to a dental...
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Applying to Cardiology
Introduction Cardiology is one of the most popular and varied medical specialities....
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Top Tips for IMT Interviews
With IMT interviews fast approaching, we have partnered with Optimise Interviews...
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Infantile Haemangioma
Infantile Haemangiomas are common skin lesions seen in paediatrics. This article...
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that...
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Being a BASICS Doctor
I am a GP at a large practice based in a town in southwest Scotland, and I also work...
Ophthalmology referral
How to make a (good) referral to Ophthalmology – tips and tricks
Ophthalmology has long been the specialty with the most referrals and patient appointments...
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Animal Bites
Introduction Patients regularly present to the emergency department with animal...
Ophthalmology Applications
Eyelid Disease
Introduction and Anatomy The eyelid is important for ensuring physical protection...
Plasmodium Blood Film
Malaria
Overview Malaria is a tropical protozoal infection caused by the Plasmodium parasite,...
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Where to go for foundation training?
This article has been written with final year medical students in mind, deciding...
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Obsessive Compulsive disorder
The psychiatric condition obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is estimated to be...
Red Eye
Chemical Eye Injuries
What is it? Chemical injuries of the eye are ocular emergencies that necessitate...
Orbital Cellulitis
Peri-Orbital Cellulitis and Orbital Cellulitis: Diagnosis and Management
Introduction: This exploration of peri-orbital cellulitis and orbital cellulitis...
Salivary Gland
Salivary Gland Pathology
Problems with salivary glands are often seen at GPs and in emergency departments....
AI Healthcare
An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Introduction to AI Artificial Intelligence (AI) has changed almost every aspect...
Wellbeing
The Holistic Approach to Wellbeing
There’s a myriad of resources out there to help with maintaining your mental well-being,...
What-is-digital-health-technology
Digital Health: A Guide for Future Clinicians
What is digital? To a Victorian doctor, the term digital would have referred to...
Mouth Lesions
Lumps, Ulcers and Patches in the Mouth 
Patients often present to GP practices with oral lesions as they may struggle to...
Common Eye Trauma
Common Eye Trauma
This article is the second of two articles about traumatic eye injuries.  The...
Microbiology Discussions
Microbiology Discussions
A lot of your time as an FY1 will be spent on the phone to various other specialities....
Pupil abnormalities
Pupil abnormalities
Pupillary reflex pathway: Light reaches the retina, travels via ganglion cells...
Cataracts
Introduction to Cataracts
A cataract is “a clouding of the lens of the eye or of its surrounding transparent...
Covid
Coronavirus and your wellbeing
Covid-19 is taking a huge emotional toll on everyone. The usual work-life balance tips...
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GMC Registration after PLAB 2
Congratulations, if you’ve made it this far, that means you have either passed...
Ophthalmology referral
Retinal Detachment
Basic anatomy In this article, we will be discussing retinal detachments and will...
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Starting in the NHS as an International Medical Graduate: A Guide to Wellbeing and Adaptation
Moving into a new healthcare system can be overwhelming. Many international medical...
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Poorly controlled hypertension results in target-organ damage. In the eye, it results...
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ADHD in children
Background ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood, and...
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Strabismus: A Comprehensive Overview
Strabismus, commonly referred to as “crossed eyes” or “wandering...
Prescribing Safety Assessment
Passing the Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA)
The PSA is aimed at final year medical students and those graduating overseas to...
CF12
Cystic Fibrosis in Paediatrics
Cystic Fibrosis has a high incidence in the UK and Europe and 1 in 25 people are...
Final Year Series: Ophthalmology 101: eye history and red flags for UKMLA
Final Year Series: Ophthalmology 101- Eye history and red flags for UKMLA
Prepare for OSCE and UKMLA ophthalmology content. Catch up on our 1hr session covering...
Facial Trauma
Facial Trauma
Facial trauma commonly presents in Emergency Departments and primary care. More advanced...
Pretibial Laceration Illustration
Pretibial Lacerations
Pretibial lacerations are common injuries, especially among older adults, because...
Retinal tears
An Introduction To Retinal Tears
Most common presenting symptoms: Flashing lights or new floaters Introduction A...
SFP-Clinical-Station
Top Tips for the IMT Clinical Station
With IMT interviews fast approaching, we have partnered with Optimise Interviews...
hypoglycaemia 1
Neonatal hypoglycaemia
Neonatal hypoglycaemia is defined as blood glucose levels < 2.6mmol/L. It’s...
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How to pass the FRCOphth part 1 as a Foundation Doctor
The FRCOphth (Fellowship of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists) Part 1 exam is...
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Mind The Bleep: The Podcast
Mental health and well-being are taboo subjects for medical students and doctors,...
Randomised Control Trials
Randomised Control Trials - The Basics
Introduction Randomised Control Trials (RCTs) play a vital role in evidence-based...
Yoga
Restorative Yoga
What is it? Restorative yoga is a type of yoga that emphasises deep relaxation...
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Infective Flexor Tensosynovitis (Flexor Sheath Infection)
Introduction Flexor sheath infection is an infection of the synovial sheath surrounding...
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy
Overview Diabetes mellitus can cause both macrovascular (e.g., myocardial infarction,...
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Why the interest in pre-hospital? Why not?!
I’m currently in my third year of working in a rural district general hospital Accident...
ePortfolio
e-Portfolio
Your e-Portfolio is an online tool to gather and store evidence of progression throughout...
Wellbeing
Wellbeing for FY1's
As you transition from medical school to your first year as an FY1 doctor, it’s important...
Paracetamol Overdose
Paracetamol Overdose
Paracetamol overdose is a common presentation in A&E and so you may often find...
Amblyopia
Amblyopia
Amblyopia is a childhood cause of visual impairment. It occurs due to abnormal visual...
IV fluids
Prescribing IV Fluids
There are certain situations where you need to prescribe IV fluids which vary from...
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NHS Screening Programmes
The NHS offers several screening programmes, following recommendations set by the...
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How to be happy by practicing Gratitude Journalling!
Gratitude – a strong feeling of appreciation to someone or something for what the...
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Ptosis
Introduction Ptosis is a condition characterized by the drooping of the upper...
Audits & Quality Improvement Projects
Audits & Quality Improvement Projects (QIPs)
Audits & QIPs are a way to identify issues, drive changes and assess the effects...
Referral Cheat Sheet
Referral Cheat Sheet
Our referral cheat sheet is our most popular resource with over 50,000 downloads!...
History
How to take a psychiatric history
Psychiatry, as a specialty is unique in that diagnostic methods, rely very heavily...
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PLAB 2 Guidance
We believe you have been through a lot of stress and anxiety while waiting for your...
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Dry Eye Disease
Introduction Dry eye disease, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a common...
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Introduction to AI in Healthcare - Types of AI and replacing Healthcare Professionals (HCPs)
Welcome back to our series on AI in Healthcare. Article 2 will cover the main types...
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Retinal Detachment
Retinal detachment is an ophthalmic condition in which the retina is detached from...
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Thyroid Eye Disease
Introduction Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is an autoimmune disease characterised by...
Essential for FY1
Prepare for FY1 Guide by Specialty
This amazing guide was created by so many amazing doctors like yourself helping each...
Fluid Balance
Fluid Balance
Almost every patient admitted to hospital receives IV fluids at some point in their...
Ward Round
Surviving Ward Rounds
It takes time to get used to the ward round. Particularly, when patients are being...
Glaucoma
Chronic open angle glaucoma
Glaucoma can be divided into open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma. Closed-angle glaucoma...
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Anterior uveitis
Introduction – epidemiology and causes/risk factors: Uveitis is a condition that...
On Call Tips
On Call Tips
FY1s are usually most apprehensive about being on call, but it is also the shift...
PICC Lines and Midlines
PICC Lines and Midlines
You may well be asked to take blood from a PICC line or be called to see a patient...
Gynaecological Examination
Gynaecological Examination
If the thought of conducting an intimate examination or attempting to wield (without...
TMJ
Temporomandibular Joint Pathology 
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandible to the skull. The image below...
Radiology
Applying to Radiology
Radiology is a very exciting and innovative field of medicine. Radiologists have...
Drowsy
Reduced GCS
As a doctor, you will frequently be called for a drowsy patient. They can vary from...
Clerking Patients
Clerking Patients: A few tips
Here we assume you know the basics, and instead we focus on the common pitfalls with...
Anaesthetics
Applying to Anaesthetics
Anaesthetics is a very hands-on specialty. Day-to-day work will have a mix of practical...
Interpreting Blood Films
Interpreting Blood Films
A blood film looks at our three cell types (erythrocytes, leukocytes & platelets)...
Maximise Points for Specialty Applications
Maximise Points for Specialty Applications
With the recent removal of additional degrees counting for points towards all specialty...
Leave
Leave
As an FY1 doctor, there are different types of leave you will come across during...
Claiming Tax Relief
Claiming Tax Relief
This article is about claiming tax relief on essential things for your job –...
Duke-Elder Exam
Understanding the MSRA
The Multiple Specialty Recruitment Assessment (MSRA) is a computer-based exam increasingly...
Ranking Foundation Jobs
Ranking Foundation Jobs
If you’re worried about not getting your top choice, you shouldn’t worry....
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Self-care and Wellness Tools
We have compiled a list of wellbeing resources designed to support healthcare professionals...
Discharge letters
Discharge letters: hints & tips
Writing a discharge summary is a task you are likely to carry out every day, and...
AXR
Abdominal X-rays
The advantages of AXRs are far less radiation to patients & that they’re...
Death Verification
Death Verification
As a new F1 in August, it can feel like quite a daunting task to verify a death,...
Common Skin Issues
Common Skin Issues
Dermatology is a vast topic that resident doctors often find daunting. Do read our...
Medical Education Platform
Guide to the Skilled Worker Visa Application for Incoming IMG FY1s
Congratulations on securing your FY1 position! This is an exciting milestone in your...
Paediatrics
Applying to Paediatrics
On the one hand, you wear a Disney lanyard, with a pocket stuffed with stickers,...
Scans
Requesting Scans
Requesting scans can be a scary daily occurrence for new doctors. It is one of few...
ECG Basics
ECG Basics
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common, and important, investigations...
Medical Education
How to teach medical students
Balancing your workload as a resident doctor whilst teaching medical students effectively...
Viral-exanthem-2
Common Viral Infections (exanthem) in Paediatrics
Viral infections are extremely common in paediatrics and a common presentation to...
Insulin
Hyperglycaemia
Hyperglycaemia is something you will encounter frequently. In this article, we focus...
Core Surgical Training
Applying to Core Surgical Training (CST)
Surgical training has a variety of work to get involved in as well as having many...
Mobile Apps
Essential Apps
Here’s a list of apps that are in order of how essential we find them. There’s...
Psychiatry
Applying to Psychiatry Training
Do you have an interest in human behaviour? Did you go into medicine to speak to...
Ophthalmoscope
How to use an Ophthalmoscope
Being able to use an ophthalmoscope confidently is very important to resident doctors,...
Ophthalmoscope
Central retinal artery/vein occlusion
Definition Sudden onset painless loss of vision is usually due to vascular occlusion....
Facial Pain
Facial Pain
Facial pain is common, and it can be not easy to form a certain diagnosis. In this...
Australia
Thinking about Australia?
Resident Doctors in the UK are increasingly moving to Australia after FY1, for FY3...
Mental State Examination
Mental State Examination
The mental state examination (MSE) is an observational assessment of a patient’s...
Writing SLEs
Writing SLEs
SLEs are supervised learning events that include Mini-CEX (mini clinical evaluation...
Payslips
Payslips & Income Tax
Each month, your pay and any deductions will be summarised to you in the form of...
Medical Podcasts
Medical Podcasts that are worth a listen!
We asked on social media what your favourite podcasts were & these were rated...
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Inflammatory vs Non-inflammatory Arthritis
A brief guide to help you distinguish between inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis...
Exam
Preparing for the Situational Judgement Test
Preparing for the Situational Judgement Test (SJT) exam can be quite daunting. It...
Emergencies
Deteriorating Patient
The deteriorating patient is often the worst nightmare for new FY1s.  I remember...
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Applying to Obstetrics and Gynaecology
In this article, we discuss why you should apply to O&G training, how to build your...
Self-Discharge
Self-discharge
Frequently patients wish to self-discharge from hospitals. This article pertains...
Discharge Planning
Discharge Planning
It is important for resident doctors to understand what the discharge planning process...
FY1
Preparing for FY1
It is common for FY1s to feel anxious & feel like they’re not ready to...
Seizures
Seizures
Scenario: You are bleeped by one of the staff nurses to review a patient on the orthopaedic...
FY3
How to plan your FY3
FY3 refers to time spent out of training after completing the foundation programme...
Common Prescribing Errors
Common Prescribing Errors
When I supervise and teach FY1s, prescribing is among the top three things they are...
Sore Throat
Sore Throat
One of the most common A&E presentations is a sore throat, and while sore throat...
Breaks and Burnout
Breaks and Burnout
When I left medical school, I thought my only difficulty would be the actual medicine,...
Hyponatraemia
Hyponatraemia
Hyponatraemia (serum Sodium <135 mmol/L) is one of the most common electrolyte...
Falls
Falls
As an F1, you will quite frequently get bleeped to review a patient who has had a...
Blood Gas
ABG Interpretation
In this article, we will look at more practical aspects of how to read an ABG and...
Prescribing analgesia
Prescribing analgesia
When assessing pain, ensure you begin by taking a history to characterise the pain...
Femoral Stab
Femoral Stab
Femoral puncture is typically used to acquire blood from a patient in an emergency...
Constipation
Constipation
Constipation is one of the most common complaints in hospital, especially on the...
Hypotension
Hypotension
Expect many bleeps about hypotension from concerned nursing staff. It is a useful...
Suturing
Suturing
Sutures are placed to aid with wound healing following a traumatic laceration or...
Urinary Retention
Urinary Retention
Urinary retention can be acute or chronic. When acute it occurs within a number of...
Acute Kidney Injury
Acute Kidney Injury
AKI is very common affecting around 20% of inpatients & it is important to recognise...
ENT
ENT Emergencies
In this article, we cover the main ENT situations you are likely to encounter either...
Medication in Diabetes
Medications in Diabetes
In this article, we’ll cover the treatments used in Diabetes Mellitus. We’ll...
Marbling MTB
Management of the Aggressive Patient
At times as a resident doctor, you will be faced with the management of patients...
Reviewing and Requesting Bloods
Reviewing and Requesting Bloods
Here we focus on blood tests requests for a variety of common scenarios you might...
Hypoglycaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Management of low blood sugar in conscious & unconscious patients, finding common...
Jaundice
Jaundice & Deranged LFTs
As the FY1, you will see patients with liver dysfunction either on the take or deranged...
Hypoxia
Hypoxia
As an FY1, you will be called to review patients who are hypoxic. Here we will discuss...
Risk
Risk assessment
Determining the risk of harm to the patient, and sometimes to others, is an essential...
PR Bleeding
PR Bleeding
The first thing when called is to identify whether the bleeding is truly a lower...
Chest Pain
Chest Pain
As a resident doctor, you will also often assess patients complaining of chest pain...
Heparin
Anticoagulation
For new doctors, prescribing anticoagulants can be daunting. A few simple rules can...
Clock
Working Less Than Full Time
Working LTFT in FY1/FY2 Working LTFT can be a great way to improve your work-life...
Ophthamology
Applying to Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology provides a great deal of variety by combining medicine, surgery &...
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Fibrillation
AF is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia you will encounter. In this article,...
Tachyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms with a pulse rate of >100 beats per...
Locums
Locums as an FY1
Finally earning a wage for all your hard work is great and locum work can be a great...
Delirium
Delirium
Acute confusion, otherwise known as delirium, is very common in hospitals: 20-30%...
Exam
A guide to passing MRCP Part 2 written
The MRCP part 2 exam is a multiple choice, best-of-five written exam with 2, 3 hour...
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Upper Limb Arterial and Nerve Injuries: An Introductory Guide
Adult Trauma Life Support (ATLS) is the gold standard for managing trauma-related...
Pre & Post Operative Care
Pre & Post Operative Care
As a resident doctor, you will frequently look after patients prior to and after...
Diabetes
DKA and HHS
You’ve found a patient is hyperglycaemic & either they are ketotic...
Documentation
Documentation
Medical documentation should authentically represent every consultation and is primarily...
Ascitic Tap and Drain
Ascitic Tap and Drain
Ascitic aspiration (tap) is routinely performed for every patient admitted with ascites...
Resident Doctor Pay
How much do resident doctors earn?
Overview of how much resident doctors earn with a broad range of salaries depending...
Occupational Medicine
Applying to Occupational Medicine
Occupation medicine is a fantastic specialty and one with a huge variety of opportunities....
Referrals
Referrals
Often one of the scariest things you can do as you will most likely be speaking to...
Heart Failure
Heart Failure
Heart Failure is not a diagnosis in itself, rather a collection of symptoms that...
Sepsis
Sepsis
Sepsis is an infection with evidence of organ dysfunction. Septic shock is when a...
NG Tube
Nasogastric Tubes
NG tubes are passed from the nose to the stomach. Depending on the material, they...
Prioritising Jobs
Prioritising Jobs
I’m going to try and be as generic as possible so that hopefully these tips work...
Pulmonary Oedema
Pulmonary Oedema
RCEM has published some clear and comprehensive information which is well worth a...
Breaking Bad News
Breaking Bad News
As a resident doctor, you will have face situations where you have to convey potentially...
Resident Doctor Contract explained
Resident Doctor Contract explained
In the UK, there are different contracts for each region: Northern Ireland, Scotland,...
Haematuria
Haematuria
You will regularly see patients with blood in their urine, most often picked up incidentally...
Student Loan
Student Loans - should you repay early?
Student loans are a Government-run scheme in the UK and the most recent plan (Plan...
Discussing Treatment Escalation & DNAR
Discussing Treatment Escalation & DNAR
As an FY1 you should not be expected to make decisions regarding treatment escalation...
Stroke
Acute Stroke
Whilst on call or in A&E you may be asked to assess somebody who is suspected...
General Practice
Applying to General Practice
GP training is one of the most popular pathways. In this article, we discuss how...
Haematological emergencies
Haematological emergencies
In this article, we give an overview of the most important and serious haematological...
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Appraisal
Many of us have only heard of appraisals happening in the corporate or in the IT...
Upper GI bleed
Upper GI bleed
These patients have the potential to become haemodynamically unstable extremely quickly;...
MTB20
Understanding Resident Doctors Pay and How to Spot Errors
We’ve partnered with Doctors Paycheck to provide a comprehensive webinar on...
Describing Skin Lesions
Describing Skin Lesions
It is quite common for you to need to describe rashes for documentation purposes,...
Mental Capacity
Mental Capacity
Mental Capacity is the ability to make your own decisions at the time at which the...
Palliative
Palliative Care
Dying is a natural process and unfortunately, something that we all come across in...
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Applying to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS)
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is a mouthful (no pun intended), but you may have...
Mental Health Act
Sections of the Mental Health Act 1983/2007
What is the MHA? It is legislation that governs patients’ Compulsory detention Treatment Discharge Aftercare It...
CNS Infections
CNS Infections
A CNS infection is one that involves the central nervous system in some way. This...
Urine Catheter
Urinary Catheterisation
In this article, we discuss when a catheter might be needed and top tips on male...
Cannula
Cannulation
Cannulation is a procedure regularly undertaken which involves threading a plastic...
Morbidity & Mortality Meetings
Morbidity & Mortality Meetings
M&M meetings discuss the outcomes of patients and mortality rates, with the view...
COPD
Acute COPD exacerbation
As an FY1, you are unlikely to be expected to make decisions about long term COPD...
Hypokalaemia
Hypokalaemia
As an FY1 you will frequently see hypokalaemia and most trusts have guidelines that...
Bowel Obstruction
Bowel Obstruction
Bowel obstruction is a common reason for admission or complication of patients under...
NIV
Non-Invasive Ventilation
Non-invasive ventilation is a way of providing ventilatory support to patients in...
Blood Tests
Venepuncture
Venepuncture is the term used to describe the procedure of withdrawing blood from...
Bradyarrythmias
Bradyarrhythmias
Bradyarrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms with a pulse rate of <60 beats per...
Neonatal invasive ventilation
A Cheat Sheet for Neonatal Invasive Ventilation
Neonatal ventilation is a complex topic but one you may need to get your head around...
Resident Doctor Pay Calculator
Resident Doctor's Pay Calculator 2024
We’ve created a pay calculator to help you better understand your salary, how...
Asthma
Acute Asthma
You are unlikely to be expected to make decisions about long term asthma management,...
NHS Pension
NHS Pension Scheme (2015)
This article is supplementary to the webinar on the same subject, which you might...
Orthogeriatrics
Orthogeriatrics
Fragility fractures in the elderly As a resident doctor on call, in geriatrics...
Difficult Colleagues
Dealing with difficult colleagues
This is a tricky area to cover as it can be challenging to us both personally and...
Duke-Elder Exam
Study Tips for the Duke-Elder Undergraduate Prize Exam
The Duke-Elder Undergraduate Prize Exam is an optional competitive exam run by the...
Pressure Ulcer Illustration
Pressure Ulcer Management
Pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores, are a unique subset of wounds caused by...
Respiratory Distress
Respiratory Distress
Written by Dr Rebecca Evans, ST3 Paediatrics One of the most common presentations...
Plastic Surgery
A Career in Plastic Surgery
If you ask most people (medics included!) what they think of when you say plastic...
Gallstone
Gallstone Disease
Patients regularly present under the acute take with gallstone disease. The aim of...
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperkalaemia can cause life-threatening emergencies particularly cardiac arrhythmias....
Mortgages
Mortgages for Doctors and NHS Professionals
Getting onto the property ladder is becoming increasingly difficult for first-time...
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary embolism
A pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blocked blood vessel in your lungs, most often due...
E Coli
Diarrhoea
Diarrhoea is a very common complaint and may be the reason for a patient’s admission,...
Performing Arterial Blood Gases
Performing Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)
An arterial blood gas (ABG) test is performed to measure the oxygen and carbon dioxide...
Chest X-Rays
Chest X-Rays
In this article, we focus on the interpretation of a CXR. Have a low threshold to...
Work-Life Balance
Work-Life Balance
Work-life balance is a topic that has become increasingly prevalent over the past...
Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax
A pneumothorax is defined as the abnormal collection of air between the visceral...
Prescribing image
Prescribing in Old Age Psychiatry
The general prescribing principles from both Old Age Psychiatrists and Geriatricians...
Hypophosphataemia
Hypophosphataemia
Hypophosphatemia is a serum phosphate concentration < 2.5 mg/dL (0.81...
Floppy Baby
Assessing the floppy baby
A "floppy" baby may present in many different ways and there is a long list of differentials...
Fever in the Returning Traveller
Fever in the Returning Traveller
COVID-19 aside, international travel is easier and more prevalent than ever before,...
pleural effusion
Pleural effusion
As a foundation doctor, shortness of breath is one of the commonest symptoms you...
Handover
Handover
Handover occurs between shifts to ensure everyone is up to speed with patients. The...
Opiate overdose & toxicity
Opiate overdose & toxicity
You will likely encounter an opiate overdose due to the prevalence of opiates for...
Pneumonia
Pneumonia
In this article, we will focus on more practical concerns when managing a patient...
Liver cirrhosis
Managing a patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis
Introduction Patients with liver disease are common in the UK. Since 1970, mortality...
Keratitis
Keratitis
Introduction Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. It may result from infective...
Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson’s Disease
In this article, we will present several common scenarios involving Parkinson’s disease...
Stomas
Stomas
The word stoma comes from Greek to mean “an opening”. There are many...
Transfusion
Transfusion
In this article, we will go through the three most common scenarios you will encounter....
Death Certificate
Death Certification
After a patient has died you may be asked to complete the death certificate. It may...
Palpitations
Palpitations
Palpitations can be described as the sensation of an abnormally received heartbeat....
Internal Medicine Training
Internal Medical Training (IMT)
IMT is an exciting and challenging training programme which will certainly make you...
Vaginal Bleeding
Vaginal Bleeding
One of the most common obstetric/gynaecological presentations in a hospital/GP setting...
GMC Registration
GMC Registration after PLAB 2
Congratulations, if you’ve made it this far, that means you have either passed...
Syncope
Syncope
From the Greek: Syn: together & kopein: to cut - referring to a block in blood supply...
Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcerations are a significant complication of diabetes...
Common Dental Issues
Common Dental Issues
A very quick guide to common issues prompting referrals to maxillofacial surgery...
Hypertension
Hypertension in Hospital
As a resident doctor, you will often be called about patients with raised blood pressure...
Gifts
10 Gifts for your Colleagues
As we all rotate so frequently between departments, many of us like to get our seniors...
Ophthalmology Applications
Post Operative Cataract Complications
Cataract Surgery: A Brief Introduction Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible...
Compartment Syndrome
Compartment Syndrome
Acute Compartment Syndrome is one of the few orthopaedic emergencies. If missed,...
Surgical Clerking
A Comprehensive Guide to Surgical Clerking
This guide is designed to help you identify the key areas you need to focus on when...
Bilious Vomiting
Bilious Vomiting in the Neonate
“Bilious vomiting” is a common problem you will be asked to review babies for on...
Water
Paediatric IV Fluid Prescribing
Prescribing IV fluids in paediatrics is different to adult medicine and requires...
Croup
Croup
Croup is one of the most common winter illnesses we see in paediatrics and rarely...
Neutropenic Sepsis
Neutropenic Sepsis
Please read an overview of the management of sepsis before reading this article. Neutropenic...
Anaemia
Anaemia
Perhaps the most common blood test you will review daily will be the FBC (full blood...
Dealing with a complaint
Dealing with a complaint
Everyone will receive a complaint – this is inevitable. Usually, these are...
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal Pain
When you are on call, you will often get a bleep about a patient with abdominal pain....
Geriatric-Medicine
Applying to Geriatric Medicine
Within Geriatric Medicine you are always working as part of a multidisciplinary team...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a relapsing and remitting inflammatory...
Red Eye
Red Eye
Red eye is one of the most common eye presentations you will encounter. Whilst many...
Interpreting CSF Results
Interpreting CSF Results
Understanding how to do an LP and interpret the results is an essential skill for...
Hypernatraemia
Hypernatraemia
Hypernatraemia is defined as a sodium above 145 mmol/L with severe being more than...
Notifiable Diseases
Notifiable Diseases
As a resident doctor, it is your statutory duty as a medical professional to alert...
Resident Doctor Pay Calculator
Consultant Doctor's Pay Calculator 2024
We’ve created a pay calculator to help you better understand your salary, how...
Alcohol Withdrawal
Alcohol Withdrawal
Suddenly stopping alcohol intake in patients who have been drinking heavily for prolonged...
Picture 1
Papilloedema
Introduction Papilloedema is optic disc swelling which is specifically secondary...
SFP - Introduction to Interview
Specialised Foundation Programme - Introduction to interview
The Specialised Foundation Programme (SFP – formerly known as the AFP or academic...
FY1
Applying to Public Health
Public health is a unique specialty programme – It is the only one you can...
Colorectal Cancer and Polyps
Colorectal Cancer and Polyps
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types seen in the western world....
Lumbar Puncture
Lumbar Puncture
A lumbar puncture uses a fine needle inserted between the vertebrae in the lower...
Consent
Clinical recordings and the Correct Consent
In all specialities of medicine patient clinical recordings, whether this is photographs...
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is a condition characterised by the inflammation of the pancreas. These...
Bullying
Bullying and Undermining - Changing Culture
Welcome to FY1. In your first few months, you will find your learning curve is steep...
Paediatrics_ Clerking & Discharge
Paediatrics: Clerking & Discharge tips
As an FY1 it is likely that you will manage paediatric patients during their admission,...
Homes
Understanding Types of Homes
Patients may live or be discharged to a wide variety of social care settings and...
Gastroenterology in Primary Care
Gastroenterology in Primary Care
INTRODUCTION This article covers common gastroenterological presenting complaints...
Vertigo
Vertigo
Vertigo is described as an “abnormal sensation of motion. It can occur in the absence...
Frailty
Frailty Syndromes
What is frailty? A state of increased vulnerability to poor resolution of homeostasis...
Spinal Cord
Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression
Spinal cord compression occurs when there is compression of the spinal cord or cauda...
Dementia
Dementia
As an FY1 in hospital, you will come across lots of patients with dementia. They...
Saving Accounts
Savings Accounts
In this article, I will be discussing the different types of savings accounts and...
Eye History & Exam
Eye History & Exam
This is intended for resident doctors on the ward or in ED, covering how to approach...
Groin Lumps
Groin Lumps
The groin, also known as the inguinal region, extends from the anterior superior...
Hand foot mouth disease
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Hand foot and mouth disease is a very common illness in children which commonly causes...
Appendicitis
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is a one of the most common abdominal emergencies worldwide. Your aim...
UTI
Urinary Tract Infections
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adults are extremely common in both primary and...
Careers Advice
Careers Advice
FY1 is a great opportunity to explore new specialties and start to gain an idea of...
Visual Loss
Sudden Visual Loss
Loss of vision can be a scary symptom for patients to experience, and a scary presentation...
Communicating with Relatives
Communicating with Relatives
We commonly find ourselves needing to communicate with the next of kin & relatives....
Clot
Deep Vein Thrombosis
A deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a condition in which a blood clot (thrombosis) forms...
Cannula
Paediatrics: Venepuncture & Cannulation
This article will discuss how to take blood and cannulate patients in the paediatric...
older-lady-in-hospital
Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD)
In people over the age of 65 years, 1 in 11 will have a diagnosis of dementia. Dementia...
Nutrition
Nutrition
Nutrition is an important aspect of a patient’s health and is overlooked during medical...
Injury
Safeguarding History – The Basics
Children are vulnerable. Unfortunately, child abuse does happen, and it has a significant...
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a serious, life-threatening allergic reaction. Features include airway...
Dental Traumatology
Introduction to Dental Traumatology for A&E
This article aims to give basic information on the assessment of dental trauma to...
Hypercalcaemia
Hypercalcaemia
Serum calcium concentration is tightly regulated between 2.1-2.6mmol/L. Severe hypercalcaemia...
Infective Endocarditis
Infective Endocarditis
Infective endocarditis (IE) is relatively rare in the UK. However, delays in diagnosis...
Paediatric Prescribing
Paediatrics: Prescribing
As an FY1 it is likely that you will manage paediatric patients during their admission,...
Visual field defects
Visual Field Defects: A Summary
The visual field is the entire area a patient can see with their eyes fixes and without...
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Clinical Attachments
               ...
Hypothermia
Hypothermia
Hypothermia, whilst an infrequently encountered issue during foundation, is a high-risk...
Choosing your Future Career
Choosing your Future Career
What does your future hold? Have you thought of a specialty that you want to pursue?...
SFP - Academic Station
Specialised Foundation Programme - Academic Station
The academic station generally begins with a personal question and is your opportunity...
Diverticular Disease
Diverticular Disease
Diverticulae can occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract but are more common...
wheeze-in-pre-school-children-web
Pre-School Wheeze
Introduction Affects children under the age of 5 years old There tends to be...
Ophthalmology Applications
Ophthalmology Applications: How To Get Ahead While Still at Medical School
Ophthalmology is a hugely popular career. Having the skills and ability to improve...
Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis
Introduction Viral infection in children 0-2 years of age (but most commonly <...
Neonatal Jaundice
Neonatal Jaundice
Jaundice in the newborn is a relatively common presentation, typically seen on postnatal...
PEG Tubes
PEG Tubes
PEG tubes are used as long term feeding options (and medication administration) for...
Back Pain
Back Pain
In this article, we cover the assessment and management of back pain. This article...
Endocrinology
Thyroid Disease
As a junior, you will frequently see patients who potentially have thyroid dysfunction....
Medical Education
How to set up a teaching programme
In this guide, we’ll walk you through how to set up local, regional and national...
Leadership
Leadership
The impact you have on yourself and the impact you have on people around you Although...
Chronic Kidney Disease
Managing patients with CKD
In whichever specialty you work, you will encounter large numbers of patients with...
Rehabilitation Medicine
Applying to Rehabilitation Medicine
Rehabilitation medicine is a holistic specialty in which you spend a great deal of...
Swollen Joint
Acutely Swollen Joint
There are three joint pain calls you might receive whilst you’re on call or...
Headache
Headache
Acute headache is a common complaint that you’ll see whilst on the wards or...
Refeeding Syndrome
Refeeding Syndrome
Defined as a collection of electrolyte abnormalities associated with a massive intracellular...
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Writing a Letter to the Editor of a Medical Journal 
What is a Letter to the Editor?  A letter to the editor in a medical journal...
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypomagnesaemia
The UK Medicines Information group have provided excellent guidance on...
Credit Score
The Credit Score
In this article, we talk about what the credit score means, how it affects you &...
Dialysis
Dialysis Patients
There is an increasing prevalence of end-stage kidney disease and it is therefore...
Neonatal respiratory physiology
Neonatal Respiratory Physiology
This may seem like a very subspecialist topic but as part of a paeds job as a junior...
Gynaecology Assessment & Common Disorders
Gynaecology Assessment & Common Disorders
As gynaecology issues uncommonly present on the ward, many doctors have difficulties...
Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell diseases are a disorder of haemoglobin affecting red blood cells. This...
Epistaxis
Epistaxis
Epistaxis is a common presentation, especially amongst the young and elderly population....
Consenting Children and Adolescents
Paediatrics: Communication & Consent
As an FY1 you will likely manage paediatric patients during their admission, often...
Opiate Withdrawal
Opiate Withdrawal
As doctors, you will frequently see patients with opiate dependence. It isn’t...
SFP - Clinical Station
Specialised Foundation Programme - Clinical Station
You will have a total of 10 minutes of interactive time. Prior to the station, you...
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
SVC syndrome is an oncological emergency. There is obstruction of the superior vena...
Current Accounts
Current Accounts
This article summarises some key tips and tricks on how to get the most out of your...
Consenting Children and Adolescents
Consenting Children and Adolescents
The rules on consenting children and adolescents can seem a complex business. Putting...
Hypocortisolism
Adrenal Crisis & Hypocortisolism
Cortisol is the body’s natural steroid (glucocorticoid) which helps maintain blood...
Randomised Control Trials
How to Critique Randomised Control Trials
Introduction Randomised Control Trials (RCTs) play a vital role in evidence-based...
Intensive care referral
Referring to the Intensive Care Unit
As a foundation doctor, caring for patients who deteriorate rapidly and/or are critically...
Psychotropic medication
Psychotropic medication
Psychotropic medication includes some of the most commonly prescribed medication...
Eye Drops
Overview of eye drops
Medicines reconciliation is the process of accurately listing a person’s medicines....
Kidney Stone
Kidney Stones
Given how frequently patients present with renal colic, it is helpful for FY1s to...
Toxic-megacolon
CT Abdomen & Pelvis Interpretation
In the webinar below, Dr Henry de Boer (radiology registrar) provides a structured...
Intensive Care Review
Daily Reviews on the ICU
In the intensive care unit, junior medical staff conduct and present daily reviews...
Chronic Pancreatitis
Chronic Pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis is characterised by repeated pancreatic inflammation. This leads...
Sharps Injuries
Sharps Injuries
Sharps injuries happen when you least expect them. You can’t always prevent them...
Coding
Clinical Coding
If you’ve ever wondered how hospitals generate income from the work you do...
Foreign Body in Eye
Removal of foreign body from eye
Foreign body in eye is a very common presentation seen in the emergency department....
Mental Health 1
Psychosis
Psychosis refers to patients suffering a loss of contact with reality. It affects...
HIV
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a species of lentivirus that can infect humans...
Untitled design (3)
Applying to Dermatology
Introduction Dermatology is a fascinating specialty with over 2,000 skin, hair, and...
Airway
Difficult Airway Patients
As a doctor, you may come across patients with complex airways. They should be found...
Medical Education Platform
Preparations for IELTS
As an IMG, English is the only language you would use to communicate with people...
Paediatric Chest Pain
Paediatric Chest Pain
Most of the time, chest pain in children originates from a benign cause. However,...
Orbital Cellulitis
Periorbital and Orbital Cellulitis
Introduction The orbital septum is a fibrous connective tissue layer which divides...
Mental Health 2
Mood (affective) disorders
In this article, we cover depressive disorders, bipolar affective disorder and schizoaffective...
Constipation 5
Paediatric Constipation
Constipation is a very common cause of abdominal pain and recurrent presentations...
Skin Cancer
Skin Cancer
Skin cancers have one of the highest global incidences of any type of cancer. Early...
Hypocalcaemia
Hypocalcaemia
Alongside strengthening bone, calcium is used in the clotting cascade, in muscle...
Henoch Schonlein Purpura
Henoch Schonlein Purpura
Henochn Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is a common vasculitis in paediatrics that presents...
Loan
Consumer Loans
It’s important for healthcare professionals to have an understanding of the...
Benign Anorectal Pathology
Benign Anorectal Pathology
In this article, we cover common benign anorectal pathologies including haemorrhoids,...
Referrals
Financial Tips for IMGs
This article will go over the costs for international medical graduates associated...
Rheumatology
Lower Limb X-Ray Interpretation
In the webinar below, Dr Joe Kang (radiology registrar) provides a structured approach...
Stock wound photo
Wound Management in A&E
Wounds are a very common presentation to A&E and minor injuries departments....
FY1
A guide to foundation training posts in public health
If you’re a medical student and you know you want to do public health, or simply...
DKA in Paediatrics
Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Paediatrics
Paediatric DKA is a common but life threatening paediatric emergency and it is important...
Self Harm
Self Harm
The most common place you will see a patient who has self-harmed is in ED, where...
Credit Cards
Credit Cards
This article will cover the different types of credit cards, the main things to look...
hypertension-g8464dfa0f_1920
Getting Started in General Practice
Many FY2 doctors spend time in General Practice as part of the Foundation Programme....
Arthralgia
Arthralgia
There are three joint pain calls you might receive whilst you’re on call or...
FTT 3
Faltering Growth in Infants
Faltering growth (also known as failure to thrive) describes when a child is not...

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