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Amblyopia is a childhood cause of visual impairment. It occurs due to abnormal visual development in early life, particularly the cortical visual pathway. It is often described as a...
IntroductionDry eye disease, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a common eye disorder characterised by insufficient lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye....
Chest pain accounts at least 5% of presenting complaints of patients attending the Emergency Department (ED) and as a resident doctor working in the ED, it is vitally important to have...
A brief guide to help you distinguish between inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis in UKLME MCQs.Inflammatory ArthritisInflammatory arthritis will present with:Joints...
Adult Trauma Life Support (ATLS) is the gold standard for managing trauma-related injuries. Arterial and nerve injuries of the upper limb can have significant associated mortality and...
Key PointsOptic Neuritis (ON) is inflammation of the optic nerve, most commonly caused by demyelinating disordersIt is a common presenting feature of Multiple Sclerosis but...
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Corneal dystrophies are inherited, bilateral, slowly progressive, non-inflammatory disorders characterised by abnormal material deposition within the cornea. They are classified anatomically...
This is a practice OSCE station for UKMLA content.How to useCandidate:Read the brief below (1 minute).Take a history and perform a focused examination (10 minutes).Answer...
Malnutrition is a common and often under-recognised problem in hospitalised patients. It is associated with increased risk of infection, poor wound healing, prolonged hospital stay,...
Falls risk assessment is a core component of patient safety in hospital practice. While prevention strategies are essential, they rely on accurate and repeated identification of risk...
Delirium is an acute disturbance in attention, awareness, and cognition, commonly seen in hospitalised patients, particularly older adults. It is associated with increased morbidity,...
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common and preventable cause of hospital-associated morbidity and mortality....
Medication errors are one of the most common and preventable causes of patient harm in healthcare. They can occur at any stage of the medication process, from prescribing to administration,...
Deconditioning refers to the loss of physical, functional, and cognitive abilities that can occur during hospital admission, particularly in older patients with frailty. It can begin...
Pressure ulcers (also known as pressure sores) are localised injuries to the skin and underlying tissue, usually occurring over bony prominences due to prolonged pressure. They are...
Falls are one of the most common causes of harm to hospitalised patients, particularly in older adults. They can lead to significant morbidity, including fractures, head injury, prolonged...